Shirley Jacksons Symbolism in The Lottery :: Shirley Jackson Lottery Essays Papers

Shirley Jackson's Symbolism in The Lottery Shirley Jackson's 'The Lottery', is a story that is filled with symbolism. The author uses symbolism to help her represent human nature as tainted, no matter how pure one thinks of himself or herself, or how pure their environment may seem to be. The story is very effective in raising many questions about the pointless nature of humanity regarding tradition and violence. 'The Lottery' clearly expresses Jackson's feelings concerning mankind?s evil nature hiding behind traditions and rituals. She shows how coldness and lack of compassion in people can exhibit in situations regarding tradition and values. Jackson presents the theme of this short story with a major use of symbolism. Symbolism shows throughout the setting of 'The Lottery,' the objects, the peoples actions, and even in the time and the names of the lucky contestants. The setting of the story helps to magnify its impact on the reader because it is set in a small town similar to the one many of us may know of, and that is symbolic of everything that we consider to be right in America. The story begins on a wonderful summer day in a small town. The author describes the day as very joyful but strikes a contrast between the surroundings of the town and the atmosphere of the people gathered in the square. The atmosphere is sober, where the adults ?stood together, away from the stones in the corner, and their jokes were quiet and they smiled rather then laughed."(268) This, in just the third paragraph, is a indication through symbolism of the townsfolk?s sober mood that something was amiss. The setting for the lottery also takes place in the same place as the square dances, the teen-age club, and the Halloween program.(268) This unifies our lives with those of the story sense we can relate to those types of events, and is symbolic in showing that even t hough this dastardly deed happens here that it is still the main place of celebration. Showing how easy it is for us, as human beings, to clean our conscientious by going back to a place that, on June 27, is a place of death and make it a place of delight. The black box is a good representation of the central idea to the story. The box is painted in black, which has always been a universal symbol for evil and death.

How does John Steinbeck portray racism in ‘Of Mice And Men’ Essay

From the 17th Century, when the first settlers arrived, immigrants dreamed of a better life in America. People went there to escape from discrimination or poverty, and to make a new life for themselves or their families. They dreamed of making their fortunes in the goldfields. For many the dream became a nightmare. The horrors of slavery, of the American Civil War, the growth of towns with slums as bad as those in Europe, and the corruption of the American political system led to many shattered hopes. For the American society as a whole the dream ended with the Wall Street crash of 1929. This was the start of the Great Depression that would affect the whole world during the 1930s. However the dream survived in the hope of individuals. Thousands made their way west to California to escape from their farmlands in the mid-West. George and Lennie dreamt of there ‘little house and a couple of acres’. However, between 1929 – 39 there was a general world destine in trade and prosperity. A great deal of money had been spent on the First World War, and countries found themselves in debt. Lots of American lost their jobs. They joined bands of wandering farmers, looking for work. The farm owners of California found that they could pay very low wages, and expect men to work for long hours, as the demand for work was so great. The men were only needed for short periods at a time, for harvesting and so they had to travel around for work. On October 24, 1929, the stock market crashed. Prices began to decline early in the day, triggering a selling panic in the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE). This caused the loss of jobs of various workers, black or white. It was very hard for the workers to find a job elsewhere in any other farms, just like George and lennie. These kinds of workers were called itinerant workers. The coming months saw no recovery. The racism, which Martin Luther King talks about in his famous â€Å"I had a dream speech†, states that white men think they have got power over black people. That all men are created equally, and no one differs from each other. The black people have to give up their seats if a white person comes on to the bus and there is no space left. Also black people were not allowed to shop in the same place as white people. And black people had to send their children to a different school to the white people. This is an example of segregation and isolation. Crooks demands isolation because he is black and wants to live alone. He is also called names † nigger â€Å". He is proberly one of the most disliked people in the story because of the colour of hes skin. But still people say crooks the † nigger † is a really nice fellow at the same time. I think they just call him that because at that time they could say or do anything to a nigger and still get away with it. The white boys did not want to sleep in the same room as a black man. I just totally disagree with this because you should not judge a perosn by the colout of the skin. Also crooks himself does not want to sleep with them because of the way the white boys have treated him. Crooks him self is a stable buck which is a very low classed job even at that time. The white boys call crooks † crooks † because as a stable buck he waz kicked on the back by a horse and he is now got a crooked back. Also the white lads have made crooks fight on christmas day with smitty just so he can sit down and have a drink with the white boys on christmas day. I think that is not acceptable because crooks is already hurt hes back from the accident with the horse and on top of that he had to have a fight with smitty with that injury when smitty was perfectly fine. All they did do was that they tyied hes hands behind hes back so he could not punch crooks but can only kick him. This first starts when crooks privacy is invaded by lennie. When lennie enters crooks room without no permission from crooks to cum into the room. Crooks is not very happy when lennie enters the room and says ‘you got no right to come in my room. This here’s my room. Nobody got no rights in here but me’! Crooks says all of this because he is not really happy with lennies presents in the room. As lennie stays longer and longer he starts to find out that lennie is dumb and crooks thinks to him self that he has got the upper hand on lennie. Crooks for the first time has got power over someone and that’s a white man. Then lennie gets up and says to crooks ‘why are you not liked on the ranch’ and crooks replys by saying ‘its just because I’m BLACK! Crooks means by this quote that the white men on the ranch do not like him. And also crooks has got nobody to talk to because crooks is the only † nigger † on the ranch. Then lennie quickly changes the subject and starts talking about the dream him and George have got. But all crooks thinks is hes † crazy â€Å". He thinks this because he thinks that lennie doesn’t know what he is talking about. Crooks taunts lennie thaat George is not going to come back. And crooks also says he might even get hurt. After crooks has said that † crooks face lightened up with pleasure in his torture. After crooks has said lennie quickly gets to hes feet and says † nothing is going to happen to come George he si going to come back safe†. Crooks is really frightened when lennis says’s that and crooks moves further up hes bed and rests hes hands on hes knees. The reason for crooks out burst like that is because all crooks is trying to do is trying to make someone feel like how crooks is feeling by telling lennie when the other boys on the ranch play horse shoe he has to stay in hes room and read a book when he would rather be playing horse shoe with the other workers on the ranch. Crooks is trying say just because i am black they don’t let me play horseshoe. Crooks is trying to gain sympthy from lennie but lennie does not really understand what crooks is trying to say to him. So lennie doesn’t really feel sorry for him because he doesn’t know what going on. So lennie can’t really feel sorry for crooks because he is lost him self in other words. The workers on the ranch describe crooks as a † nigger † one second and the other second they be saying he is a † very nice fella â€Å". I think my self that crooks is a very good person and stays quiet throught the book but it is just because of the colour of hes skin he is treated like dirt. Even thought crooks is proberly the most educated person on the farm. Crooks has got a dictionary which is described as † battered† and † ripped â€Å"and hes also got some † tatered † magazines. Also crooks has got some reading books, which are described, as † dirty â€Å". And all of these things go on a special shelf over hes bunk. When crooks read these books he feels † proud † and really † important † because at this time not much people could read or write. And on top of all that hes a † nigger â€Å". When we first meet crooks I thought he waz a nasty man because of hes posture and hes colour of hes skin. But looks can be dece-ving because he turned out to be a very well educated person and also soft hearted. It was very unusal for a black man to read or write in these in these times even so most of the white men could not read or write. I really feel sorry for crooks because he is alll alone and must feel really isolated at times or most of the time. And he has got no company at all and he aint even got no one to talk to at all because hes black. If you ask me I think that is really unacceptable because no one should be left alone for that reason. He aint got no friends to say † hello † too all because of the colour of hes skin. The white boys always pick him on. And even thought it aint hes fault most of the things are blamed on him. Also when the boss is feeling really mad he takes it all out on crooks and crooks just gets shouted at for no reason at all. Crooks on the hireachy he is right at the bottom and hes got no power at all. Even thought he has been one of the people who has been working there the longest and he has been loyal to boss. Curley’s wife, the attention seeker always flirts with other prople on the ranch because her husband is always at the cathouse or out and about. And is never at home to care about her. Curley’s wife is one of the most powerful people in the hireachy because she is married to the boses son. She tries to have some comfort with other people. This is because her husband takes no notice of her apart from the sex. She is used for an object of sex. When crooks reailses that his chances of being in the dream looked very slim and he crawled back defeated because he can’t say anything to Curley’s wife at all because she has got all the power. She can get him hung from a tree so easy, she can jus say that he waz flirting with me and that’s it he would get hung. If that was a white person being prosequted they would give him a trial and would be taken to court but just because he is black they would just get him hung without any proof he did it or not. Going back to the initial question, I think that john Steinbeck doesn’t throw the thought of ‘racism’ in our face. He just hints of the idea and makes do the rest of the thinking. This is proved whenthe worker calls him a ‘nigger’ and also a ‘nice fella’. We had do some thinking to find out that the word ‘nigger is used so much that the workers don’t even think of what the word means.

Abraham Maslow s Hierarchy Of Needs Essay - 814 Words

AED 391: Introduction to Adolescence Education Abraham Maslow s Hierarchy of Needs Please use at least two different sources to complete the assignment, neither of which is Wikipedia!! As always, if using online resources, please do not cut and paste information. Whether using direct quotes or paraphrasing, remember to use in-text citations to acknowledge all work and ideas that are not your own. Please provide a brief biographical sketch of Maslow that includes but is not limited to his educational background, professional experiences, and major influences on education. (~200 words—1.5 points). Abraham Maslow was born and raised in Brooklyn, New York. He was the oldest of seven siblings. Maslow first attended the College City of New York then went to Cornell for a semester but eventually transferred to the University of Wisconsin, he got his bachelor’s degree in psychology there. In 1935, Alfred Adler mentored him. He was an instructor at Brooklyn College he met Max Wertheimer and Ruth Benedict and they all did research together. He spent 1951- 1969 as a chairperson of the psychology department at Brandeis University in Massachusetts. While he was working he created his ideas of humanistic psychology. Humanist psychology became more popular during the 1950’s. Maslow is known as one of the founding fathers and the Humanist Association recognizes him fo r his work and research in humanistic psychology in 1967 he won Humanist of the Year. Maslow believed in that eachShow MoreRelatedMaslow s Hierarchy Of Needs By Abraham Maslow Essay2036 Words   |  9 Pagesachieve happiness first in order to enjoy the benefits of it. The difficult part is finding out what makes people happy. Many models have been developed to try and track someone s happiness, but it is almost impossible to accomplish. A strong theory of the pursuit of happiness is Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs by Abraham Maslow. Besides this theory, there are also many philosophical views of happiness that one can discuss. After achieving this, the benefits that come out of being happy are quite beautifulRead MoreMaslow s Hierarchy Of Needs By Abraham Maslow1528 Words   |  7 Pagesself-actualization, or in easier term: happiness, one must go up the five stages of â€Å"Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs† by Abraham Maslow. The challenges society faces to be success ful today are similar to the struggles of the characters in Mary Shelley’s, â€Å"Frankenstein.† Everyone has a common goal: prosperity. In Victor Frankenstein’s case, first he accomplishes the first stage of the pyramid by meeting his physiological needs thanks to his father’s wealth. Then, he completes the second stage of safety and stabilityRead MorePsychoanalysis : Abraham Maslow s Hierarchy Of Needs1890 Words   |  8 PagesSeptember 2014 Psychoanalysis in Jane Abraham Harold Maslow is his name and psychology is his game. 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He received his AB, MA, and PhD in psychology from the University of Wisconsin (1970). His work as a United States (U.S.) psychologist started in 1932 after he started working as a teaching fellow (1970). Maslow also taughtRead MoreAbraham Maslow s Influence On The Human Psyche1660 Words   |  7 Pageshave gave so much of their time, and studies spent towards figuring that out. So many people have gave their entire life to understand the human psyche, and one of those great people are Abraham Maslow. He is cited as one of the top ten psychologists of all time, which is not an easy task to achieve. Abraham Maslow was born on April 1 in 1908 in Brooklyn New York. He comes from a Jewish background with his parents coming from Russia as immigrants to the United States of America. 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The concept that behavior is motivated primarily by a person’s desired to fulfill a specific need. He proposed that is was our inner nature that we had basic needs that we strive to meet. Then as those needsRead MoreMaslow s Motivation And Personality1604 Words   |  7 PagesAccording to Robert Frager, editor of the third edition of Maslow’s Motivation and Personality, the theorist Abraham Maslow was born in 1908 in Brooklyn, New York. He was the first of seven children born to Russian - Jewish immigrants. While Maslow’s father was uneducated, he pushed his son academically and encouraged him to become a lawyer. Maslow began his extensive education at City College of New York but later told his father that he did not want to study law. In 1928, after marrying his

Judith Butler on Gender Trouble, Sex and Identity - 717 Words

In order to do someone Justice we must take the subject out of subjectivity. In Judith Butlers gender/sex/desired gender trouble, identities are defined as subjects created through discourse and have no axiomatic definition. Butler attempts to show the reader that identities formed to gender and sex are singular forms of linguistic categories that are subjective to change. Gender for instance, rephrase to the socially constructed characteristics of masculinity and femininity. Inasmuch as identity is assumed to the stabilizing concept of sex, gender, and sexuality, the very notion of the person is called into question by the cultural emergence of those incoherent or discontinuous gendered beings hope youre to be persons but failed to conform to the gendered norms of cultural intelligibility by which persons are defined. The point here that butler wants us to understand is that as society constructs these subjects that individuals come to represent them and then challenges us to see ho w these descriptions come from a heterosexual normative that would not work in queer spaces where one can be identified as biologically neither male or female. For Butler performative femininity and masculinity are defined to hetero normative sexuality that ratifies it as the natural, while putting/keeping that normative subjects in a powerless or an important position in society. Butler argues that whether traditional or not we all perform a gender identity, and we must get past questioningShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Gender Trouble By Judith Butler1710 Words   |  7 Pages Judith Butler’s book; Gender Trouble: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity explains everything from sex versus gender to feminist identity. 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Primarily, Judith Butlers ‘performativity’ explains how ‘females’ and ‘males’ gendered roles are performed naturall y through a routinely stylized behavior and how gender exist only because it is being acted out and performed. Furthermore, Simone de Beauvoir’s, The Second Sex hugely became an influential book during the second wave feminism, which involved sexuality, family, workplaceRead MoreGender and Postmodern1508 Words   |  7 Pagesargumentative essay on ‘Gender’ through comparison and contrast of the views of authorities who are postmodern practitioners† Introduction Defining postmodernism as well as gender is an extremely difficult task if not impossible. This essay is an argument on the two postmodernist’s concept on ‘Gender’. 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In Judith Butler’s Gender Trouble, she identifies a need for a new interpretation of gender against the previous regime of ‘gender hierarchy and compulsory heterosexuality.’ In this essay, I will argue that Judith Butler’s approach to gender politics is an improvement on previous attitudes towards homophobia. I will do this through a close contextual reading of Butler’s work, particularly Gender Trouble and her article Imitation and Gender Insubordination. Butler calls for a more fluidRead MoreSigmund Freud Commentary On Psychology1529 Words   |  7 Pagesof evidence for these claims, as well as his tendency to brush off any data that proved him otherwise as irrelevant, means these claims are unsubstantiated and not reliable at best. Judith Butler Commentary In this extensive essay, Butler delves into the concept of gender constitution and the idea of performative acts. 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The importance of this novel was evident as it was a very controversial yet interesting analysis of the way we humans look at the topic of gender and sex. She explains throughout the book that our gender norms have been created by our ancestors and society. To many, crossing this boundary set by society is very deviant. Eight years after Gender Trouble was written, Disney released

Marriages are a big responsibility in many different...

Marriages are a big responsibility in many different reasons. For instance, if the marriage is blessed with a child that is one big responsibility. They are responsible for nurturing, providing and protecting their children. Also they should be role models for their children. Another big responsibility is when they make a long-life commitment to be true to one another in good times and in bad. God can also be a part of the relationship. The participation involves the complete love, trust, and respect between the couple and with god. Some spouses cheat and also fall out of love. When it comes to relationship and marriages, there is nothing more magical or fulfilling then falling in love. It’s not surprising that falling out of love is one†¦show more content†¦Another way is listening to your spouse express hurt feelings about the infidelity. This could also be difficult for men; this could sometimes be difficult with women too. By listening to the hurt feeling you have caused is not necessarily from indifference, which is hurtful for you to even think of you self as the â€Å"bad guy†. Also meet your spouse’s emotional needs in ways you haven’t before. Not just trying to change your marriage you should be trying to improve your marriage. Help your spouse feel more loved than ever before. Together you need to regain the love, try to trust again, and show you spouse that you behavior has permanently changed for the better. What can help repair infidelity? †¢ Counseling and therapist †¢ Promise to stop the affair †¢ Take responsibility †¢ Show you spouse empathy, no matter what †¢ Expressing your feelings †¢ Telling the truth †¢ Listening to one another †¢ Changing your ways Spouses are in abusive relationships and just want to get out. But when you know you are being abused, you need to do something about it for your own good. If your spouses is making you feel bad about you and unworthy he must not care about you as much no more. Mostly the women get beat on by the man or threatened a lot. But it also start off with the arguing which leads to the fighting and beating. Not only is it physical abuse, women also get emotionally abused. Some men that are usually beating on women does notShow MoreRelatedThe Supreme Court Of The United States894 Words   |  4 PagesMany cases have been filed to the Supreme Court of the United States to legalize gay marriage, but the Supreme Court was reluctant to legalize it because it contradicts with most religions, including Christian religion. However, very recently the Supreme Court by 5-4 has legalized the same sex marriage. People also were divided into two groups. The first group were mostly conservative whom see this kind of marriage contradicts with their religious belief, opposed the decision. Second Group has welcomedRead MoreThe Elements of an Effective Relationships and Daily Strains1352 Words   |  6 Pagesbetween a man and woman was considered normal. The man played the dominant role in the relationship. Meanwhile, the woman role was to be submissive to her husband. Totally, different in today world! Over the years, roles have reversed dramatically amongst man and woman. Case and point, women have taken on more responsibility in the workforce and home life. The men have relinquishes some or most of their control. Exchanging roles in a relationship without expressing feeling can cause havoc. UnfortunatelyRead MoreArranged Marriage vs Love Marriage1619 Words   |  7 PagesArgumentative Essay Arranged Marriage Vs Love Marriage Marriage is a relationship that bind of a spouse in formal event and registered by law as to declare a husband and wife. Marriage is key to form a family into larger as a basic unit in social system. 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The Personal Network Solutions Division of Sony Free Essays

string(71) " markets have had to change the way in which it manufactured machines\." Sony, â€Å"Manufactures, markets and sells consumer and professional audio and video equipment, telecommunication products, computer and peripheral products, recording media and energy products, semiconductors and other electronic components.† (sony.com) It is a very broad company that operates in many different business areas. We will write a custom essay sample on The Personal Network Solutions Division of Sony or any similar topic only for you Order Now The focus of this assessment is centered on the personal network solutions division of Sony. Personal Network Solutions Co. (PNSC) Handycam ® and Digital Handycam Camcorders Digital Mavica ® and Cyber-shot cameras Glasstron ® audio/video eyeware Online photo service â€Å"Image StationSM† Memory Stick ®digital media products VAIO ® (Video Audio Integrated Operation) personal computers Trinitron ® computer displays CLIÉ ® handheld device Sony operates in five business units. The computer and digital media devices both fall under the same unit at Sony. Sony does have the benefit of many business strengths. The most notable of which is its business name. Sony products have a reputation for being â€Å"before their time† as far as the features many of them have. Many Sony products demand a premium price for being such a technological masterpiece. Sony has continued to use this premium price scale in its computer line as well. By doing so it prices itself out of the value or budget line that many consumers seek. Sony has a reputation for producing high quality electronic devices and has also developed a loyal customer base. Sony is able to gain customers from an early age with its video game systems PS One and PS 2. Sony could feed off of this and make these customers attracted for life. Sony products are always on the cutting edge of technology. Sony has always pushed the envelope on design and cannot stop if it hopes to remain an electronic powerhouse. Sony hopes to expand its electronic market with the recent introduction of its CLIE† PDA or personal digital assistant. Competitors of Sony†s have dominated this area and now it should be able to compete. As with most companies, where there is strength, there is also weakness. This is definitely true at Sony with its biggest weakness being its inability to distribute its high end products as quickly as the market is demanding them. This was very evident during this past Christmas when Sony released the before mentioned Playstation 2. Demand was so high for this product that it is just now available in the stores as production and distribution has met up with demand. It did not help that there was a defect in the first shipment of the machines to the US and many who had to wait in long lines ended up with useless devices and had to wait until more arrived to have theirs replaced. Being on the cutting edge of the technology field makes opportunities always around the corner. However the work must be done to make it to the corner. Sony puts the needed resources into its research and development of all of its products. Without a doubt, Sony produces some of the most high quality electronic devices in the world. Now it would like to do the same thing in the computer market. Sony first started producing consumer pc†s in the mid 90†³s. Since then it has concentrated primarily on the consumer pc and especially the smaller format or laptop version of the pc. This represents a definite opportunity with which Sony could gain even more of the consumer electronic market. As with all companies there are many threats, which must be considered when conducting business. Some of these threats come from outside the company as some of them come from within. One such outside threat is that of the United States economy. Consumers are much less likely to make major purchases, such as a new computer, during times of economic trouble. While control of the entire economy is out of the hands of Sony, it can make some changes to assure that economic trouble does not completely cause the company to shut down. Sony is also entering an area of electronic business that they are not as familiar with. All electronic products eventually become obsolete. The computer sales market is one electronic area that is very time volatile. Newer, faster computers are always being released. Sony has for a long time operated in electronic business that has not been as technology and time sensitive. Current market conditions for Sony are not where it would like for them to be and are not at levels seen in past years. Much like other technology companies, Sony is in a transition period in which it is trying to find its permanent location in all markets. Sony has a main goal of staying ahead of the competition as all electronic devices enter the digital age. Current Conditions and Alternatives Sony†s current market emphasis is based on offering a consumer driven product line with some business products available in various markets. Sony has not been able to keep up with other computer specific companies in the areas of business applications. â€Å"I don†t recommend any Sony products [to business users] since they don†t have the infrastructure to match a Dell or a Toshiba or a Compaq,† says Ken Dulaney, vice president mobile computing at Gartner Group. â€Å"Their products are more applicable for consumers; they don†t work with businesses.† Sony may not be able to match the competing computer companies on the basis of size, however it is able to compete in terms of quality and technology. Many of the features available on a consumer pc’s are not available on business pc†s. Sony could remove some of the more ‘neat† features that its pc†s have and develop a line that would better suit a business application. There is no way to gain a full understanding of how the Internet and access to it has changed the way computers are used and designed. Computers today are much more advanced that those purchased only a few years ago. For those reasons, companies who had previously been involved in computer markets have had to change the way in which it manufactured machines. You read "The Personal Network Solutions Division of Sony" in category "Essay examples" Sony has the benefit of being fairly new to the computer business and an understanding of the need to adapt to changing broadband technology. CEO Nobuyuki Idei stated, â€Å"What we are and will be is a broadband entertainment company,† in his 1999 vision of the company. Even though there have been some management changes the desire to stay on top of broadband entertainment is still present at Sony. (pcworld.com, surprises, 1) â€Å"Every chance he gets, the 62-year-old Idei spreads the word about Sony’s future as an Internet company: Everything from the venerable Walkman to the popular PlayStation game console will soon connect to the Web.†(businessweek.com, Slump at Sony, 1) With new technology always around the corner, Sony must continue its current plan of being a broadband company. Sony has many new products in use today that take advantage of technological advances that have previously been unseen. For Sony to remain a leading edge electronic company it must continue with current company plans. There are many possible alternatives in which Sony can and should pursue. Many of the alternatives are time based and could not be made immediately. However, as Sony is well aware, to compete in an industry that is constantly changing, you, yourself have to be able to make changes as well. Sony could focus the majority of its attention to the cash cow it current has in the video and electronic market. This of course would be its Playstation 2 video game system. This system has already sold over 10 million units and Sony currently expects to sell 20 million in the 01-02 fiscal year due to increase in the production speed of the system. Sony will soon be seeing a new competitor enter the market of its video game system. Microsoft will be releasing it†s own version of a video game system that has many critics panting. Many believe that the new system by Microsoft will be the biggest direct competition in the video game field for Sony since it has entered the field. There is a huge demand in the computer field for compatibility of products. Sony has made it possible for several of its computer products to use the same format of small removable memory. Better know as the Memory Stick, the chewing gum sized ‘card† has ability to store both music and video on a single card. Thus the card can be used in Sony†s video camera line; it†s VAIO line of personal pc†s as well as the long time favorite, Walkman music device. It would also be possible for Sony to enter the business computer field of the market. Although there is definite competition in this market, Sony has the technology in its research and development department to make the business machines fly. The only downfall to this idea is the fact that Sony products are so highly sought after for the ‘neat† features that it†s products posses. To remove features from its current line to make them affordable to the business field would be an image-changing move. Sony products demand a premium price that business customers cannot afford to pay for. Sony joined the major players in the computer business with the introduction of it†s VAIO Direct website where consumers can purchase computers directly from the company. Although not as fully customizable as other companies† computers, Sony still allows the user to make some changes that defiantly affect the performance and function of the machine. Along with this Sony could expand it†s variety of computer uses to include specific areas or markets. The company has already shown its ability to manufacture a top level gaming system for the home. Why could it not take what it has learned from this development and manufacture a gaming specific line of computers that was easily upgradeable as new computer technology becomes available? Along with the gaming pc, there are other areas that could benefit from specifically designed products. For a long time the Apple computer has been the choice for those interested in making movies on the computer. With Sony†s ever increasing line of video cameras and accessories, it is only logical for it to create a movie specific line of pc. Computer design companies pay large prices for computers that are capable of running memory intensive design software. Sony could enter this market with a product designed specifically for the computer drafter. Many believe the next explosion of use for the computer will come in the automobile industry. As time goes by more and more automobiles are incorporating a type of computer into the vehicle. This unit does basic functions such as check e-mail and assist with driving directions. Sony could join efforts with its audio development division to produce an affordable and effective automobile pc. Sony is a world leader in the electronic business. It is new to the field of personal computers. Sony has used its past experience to set up a basis for operation in the computer business. There are some changes that it must make if it wants to remain in the computer business however. Sony should continue with its current plan of producing consumer pc†s and try to avoid the general business market. Consumer pc†s vary from those of business pc†s in both features and price. Sony would have to remove features from its computers while at the same time dropping the price to make them an affordable business option. This decision would change the image of Sony computers from a feature packed, top of the line computer, to one resembling the mainstream computers. Sony should also enter the market specific computer business with models available in three different fields: movie making, drafting, and gaming. With these market specific pc†s, Sony could still include all of the features that make its computers enjoyable to own while adding necessary hardware or software to enable them to meet the specific demands of each field. Most specifically, Sony should definitely create a computer designed with the computer gamer in mind. Sony has reached millions of children with the production of the Playstation line of home video game systems. From here, it should continue with a computer for the children to use as they grow up. The unit should be easily upgradeable but feature all necessary parts from the beginning. With its strong brand recognition, this would, in tern, help in the sales of all Sony electronic products. Sony has made a major advance in its distribution methods of its computers. With the opening of the VAIO Direct website, Sony gave its consumers the ability to customize computers to some extent. The competition of Sony allows its customers to fully customize its computers. If Sony wants to remain at the forefront of the computer business, it must allow the machine to be adapted to specific uses. Much like the customized computers for various markets, Sony must also make its normal computers customizable to the average consumer. This variety in design will help Sony receive the premium prices that it has demanded in the past for its top-notch products. How to cite The Personal Network Solutions Division of Sony, Essay examples

Factors for Early Stage Building-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Questions: 1.You are required to select one group and explain how the factors in the chosen group generally affect accuracy of building cost estimating. 2.Compare and contrast in a table commonly used preliminary estimating techniques including elemental estimating in the construction industry, covering criteria such as description of the method, accuracy levels, level of information required, popularity in the industry and convenience to use. Answers: 1.Early cost estimates The early cost estimates are for the construction projects that are set under the high degree of uncertainty. This is mainly due to the limited forms of the information that are for the accuracy of the cost estimates. Here, there is no variation when it comes from the exact costs and how the cost is incurred for the execution of project. (Al-Zwainy Hadhal, 2016). The estimated amount helps in the proper decision making with the implementation of the cost set at the later time. The importance of the preliminary is mainly due to the reference for the commencement of the project with reference for the next stage. The accuracy cost is important that works on the stages of project development. Factors for early stage building The costs estimation is based on forecasting the project costs and then work on the performance which is related to the amount of information which is for the detailed designing. Here, the pre-construction is for the three important aspects with biasing, consistency and the accuracy of the project estimate. The biasing is also for the average differences that is set in between the real prices and the forecasted ones. Hence, for this, it is important to map with the degree that is for the variations created through the biasing. The estimates are important for the projection and to calculate the success that depend on the precise value of the accuracy of the project estimation cost at different stages. (Akintoye Fitzgerald, 2000). It has been seen that the cost of the construction for the material includes the shipping charges and the taxes which are applicable. The importance is based on the variations and the calculations that are for the construction of the material cost. The const ruction estimates are depending upon the needs that are important to be factored with the current construction cost indices. They are set for the labor wage rate where there are variations based on the place to place patterns. The issues related to the construction site conditions could also lead to the increase in the cost of construction like the poor soil conditions, wetlands and the sensitivity area. The endangered species and the habitat could lead to the increase of the cost with the variations that are not impotent at the time of estimation. The quality and the plan are depending upon the reduced construction time with the proper execution to handle the site depending unpin the delay. Along with this, there are other forms of the regulatory requirements which are important for the costs that are considered for the cost estimates. The insurance requirements with the administering of the different tools and the equipment is important for the proper performance bond and the paym ent bond that is set at the normal costs of the construction projects. Market conditions which affect the factors: Material Price, quality availability For the construction buildings, the management is important for a proper project planning and control. Here, the procurement and the purchase cost is important for the reduced costs. The poor material management can also lead to the large and the avoidable costs that is set at the time of construction. Hence, when the material is purchased early, then it should be tied with the inventory of the materials. The quality is also important for the procurement along with the availability of the material. For this, the activities need to be based on the schedule of the project with the fast track or the tight schedule so that the easy availability of the material is possible. Along with this, the quality is administered with the planning systems and for the master production schedule, inventory records and the product component lists. This helps in ordering the problems and setting the inventory based on the organizational management problems. Here, the inventory is also found to be low when there is a new order which is recommended. Hence, for this, the items are found to be non-standardized or kept in the inventory form. The material procurement and the management is based on easy handling of productivity from 1.92-man hours per unit without a system. (Harrington Johnston, 2016). With the change in economy, there are issues related to the changing material pricing. The price increase is considered to be the natural part which is for working for a particular business. This is related to providing a better associate functioning that relates to handle the offsets with the measurement of the rising insurance costs. The manufactures need to handle the competitors so that there is a proper balance of the quality and the pricing that is used for the construction. The material management is important for the proper setup and controlling the correct quality. This is based on specific formats where there are reasonable costs patterns and the points are related to the representation of the cost of the work and how the improved opportunities are able to work with the improvement in the substantial savings. There is a possibility that the materials deteriorate at the time of storage and get stolen till the time a proper care is taken for the same. Hence, for this, the maj or focus is on the productivity in the construction where the different factors are related to the internal workforce and the factors with the leadership. There are materials and the equipment to take hold of the supervisions with the projects related to the characteristics of security, quality and the other related external factors. 2. Preliminary Estimating Techniques 1. This includes the activity to work on the execution of the task base on a stipulated sum where the technique is mainly to forecast any of the cost incurred for the building or the construction. 2. The control is to make sure of the forecast of the project along with assisting the clients with the financial commitment to the project. There is a possibility to alter the cost with the request from the client. (Taranth, 2016). 3. The method used are unit, cubic and the floor area. 4. The selection is based on the information and the time which is important for the Quantity Surveyor with the total type of cost data. the cost estimate is for the accommodation and to work on the designing with the proper calculation from the sketch designing. (Brook, 2016). 5. The major advantage is the fast and the easy method of the unit method which is used with the easy preparation of the monetary allocations. Here, the cubic method is based on the estimations where the floor area is for the estimations where the client and the architect could work on understanding the concept of the floor area. It is then associated to the concept of the volume method where the cost data is from the previous methods. Elemental estimating 1. This is based on the comparing design alternatives which is important when the client has a budget and want to check for the best economic designing. The estimates are for the secured financing and the presentation for building the potential inventory, financier etc. 2. The elemental cost plan can help in keeping a check on the costs with proper designing stage that is set prior to the preparation of the Bills of Quantities. 3. Here, the major focus is on the elemental cost analysis which is important for the people to involve in the project and show the cost breakdown by the building of the elements. 4. The standards are set to identify and adjust depending upon the cost planning where it is important to keep the budget of the client in mind at the time of designing. Here, the main elements are analyzed with the BOQ items which are closer to the tender value and for the plan of adjustments. 5. The elemental designing is for the establishment of the cost of constructing a project where the analysis is based on the elemental basis of the other similar projects. The detailed advice is set for the designing with the approximate qualities. References Akintoye, A. and Fitzgerald, E., 2000. A survey of current cost estimating practices in the UK.Construction Management Economics,18(2), pp.161-172. Al-Zwainy, F.M.S. and Hadhal, N.T., 2016. Application Artificial Forecasting Techniques in Cost Management.Journal of Engineering,22(8). Brook, M., 2016.Estimating and tendering for construction work. Taylor Francis. Harrington, P. and Johnston, M., 2016. Commercial Building Learning Rates Final Report. Taranath, B.S., 2016.Structural analysis and design of tall buildings: Steel and composite construction. CRC press.